I'm the guild leader for the Roses of the Moonlight Sigil, a social/PvE mostly/PvP aspirant guild of 67 people at the moment. I cannot agree with the need to keep your guild small to have a friendly environment where you can feel comfortable joking around and interacting with people, sans local-chat-type spamminess/stupidity. Maybe I'm biased because I'm the leader, but I think RoMS members have a blast with each other, and most people know each other, despite our almost-largish-size.
I think the key to success here has been that I don't make it easy to join... in my case, I ask a TON of questions of people who are interested in joining.
While this sounds counterproductive, it helps to ensure that the people who do get into the guild are the ones who really like the sound of the guild, and not those who are just looking for people to leech off of or just looking to be part of a guild, any guild. Granted, since we're reasonably large and active, I can get away with a bit more than I used to when we were 20 members, but the same principle applied then. Let people know what the vision for your guild is, and ask them enough questions that you're reasonably sure that they are people who share that vision. Further, do not be afraid to let members go who eventually turn out to not fit your guild as well as you expected (I think I've been good about this, although I have let some linger too long in the past..). What's important is that the makeup of your guild reflects your vision for it as much as possible... if you start recruiting people who don't fit for whatever reason (desire to increase the member count and pity being two doozies I can think of), your members will notice and resent it. Bottom line, if someone's wrong for your guild, they're wrong for your guild. The members who desire the same thing from your guild as you do will appreciate you all the more for keeping that in mind.
One helpful thing for any guild leader, I think, is having lots of contacts. A good alliance is great if you can get it, but that's not always possible. Your local channel should rarely be off.... while you will get spammed, you may also catch a few interesting people. Interact in what's going on. I've met half my friends list this way. When my guild or alliance doesn't have enough players for an activity, I whisper them, and see if they're interested. Frequently they are, and we get a better party for it. Several of these people have gone on to join RoMS, which is great icing, but that's not the point. The point is that by socializing, you meet more friends, and more friends means more people who you can contact in a pinch. Be sure to return the favor. Being able to fill a group of 8 or 12 (or 16, if you want to get both sides of Vizunah or Unwaking) is a great thing for a guild leader to be able to do, even if they aren't all of your guild.
Re: Officers: Officers are great to have, particularly officers that actually do this, however as leader, you still fill every role that you've given out. Even if you have a 'social' officer that keeps things moving, it's still your job too. Same goes for events, or whatever else. Granted, you won't have to work at it as hard and can take more breaks, but a leader active in all aspects of the guild is a universal morale-booster.
As for how long it took... RoMS started recruiting in April 2006 (after about 8 months of existence as a 2-person guild). It was a slow process at first as I learned how to recruit effectively, and how to be a guild leader. Joining a good alliance helped alot with our activity levels when we were small. GWGuru helped immensely, as did district hopping (sending out 1 ad per district. I hate spammers.)
I don't really know much about PvP-specific circles, but here's what I think sounds like a good idea for you: Advertise your guild on forums and in-game (DON'T SPAM), that you're looking for experienced players (or not so experienced, your call) that want to GvG and don't mind practicing towards that goal. Be honest with everyone, and don't be afraid to let people go who you don't think are improving your guild. Be sure that everyone understands what you expect of them, and do not try to bribe anyone to join with favors, items, gold, etc.
And with that.... I'm going to stop my random ramblings and get something to eat. I hope this was useful to you and possibly some others and not just a waste of data space
Rain
(PS, Hi Arzu!)