A question about certain Drops/Items from Chests...

I'm a relative Newbie, and I would like to know what constitutes a Perfect Weapon/Whatever...

In most cases, when people talk about perfect weapons they mean 20/20 armor penetration (a max Sundering prefix), +30 health suffix, and +15% damage while health is over 50% (often called 15^50). This also means that the weapon is max damage, and though not always, req 9 or below.

All about weapons:

http://guildwars.wikia.com/wiki/Weapon

simple definition of perfect is -
maximum damage (or armor if shield, or energy if an offhand item)
Maximum inherent bonuses (if applicable)
requirement of 9 or less
gold text
installed weapon mods at max values
example of perfect stats weapon =
(note: 30 health mod would be more desirable instead of the 20% enchanting in this example)

example of perfect shield =

Perfect weapon is Weapon with max dmg/hsr/energy mods + maxed dmg mod and 2 other max mods. req can be q8-13 if all others mods are any kind of perfect weapon is perfect. Like for example
Vampiric Fellblade of swordsmanship

Dmg 15-22 (Requires 13 Swordmanship)
15vs hexed foes
3/-1
+1/20 Swordsmanship

Those mods are perfect but if you sell that as perfect most ppl would say "that isnt perfect, noob" etc

thats exactly how it is, if base mod+ addable mods a perfect, It is a perfect weapon.

Though most people see 15^50, 20/20,+30hp as the only "perfect" mods,
That aint correct because no weapon is perfect for all kinds of useage.
and also a 3/1 vamp sword hilt is perfect as Pleikki said.

Some times people want "Clean" Perfect weapons. Those would be Max damage for weapon type and max armor for shield max energy for off hand and NO modifications at all.

These normally have a Requirement of 9 attribute points.

Some weapons have a Requirement of 8 Attribute points and Max stats. These are valued at LOTS more than the mods that you would apply to them. Most people like to buy them "Clean" and "Perfect" and then modify the things themselves.

I can show you some things in game if you like. A S L A N is the toon. I am normally on at night