I'm pretty sure that it's not even possible to cause
"inflation" (a long term increase in the price above the market equilibrium price) by buying out the stock of Monstrous Claws or Fangs or any item for that matter.
Based on (my limited knowledge of) macroeconomics, buying out the entire stock of items from the trader only represents a movement
along the supply curve. Quantity Supplied drops, but the Demand curve remains the same, so yes, the price will definitely increase temporarily, but the price will eventually adjust itself back to the market equilibrium price that was around when the item in question was bought out.
To actually have a permanent price increase, you'd need a
shift in either the Supply or Demand curves caused by factors such as a dramatic decrease in the drop rate for the item or the Monstrous Claws/Fangs suddenly having an actual use.
So yea, you don't have to worry about harming the economy too badly in the long run by investing in a trader item and buying it all out.